Did Joni See It Coming? Two Companies Forced to Reclassify All Gig Workers as Employees

They paved paradise and put up a parking lot.

When Joni Mitchell wrote “Big Yellow Taxi,” she had just arrived in Honolulu. She was inspired by the view outside her hotel window, with beautiful green mountains in the distance and, closer to the hotel, a “parking lot as far as the eye could see.” Ugly.

For business owners, the beautiful green mountains are successful business operations, with the business having been built the way you wanted and cultivated over a number of years. Paving over that paradise with a parking lot is the government coming in and forcing you to change how you do business. Ugly.

That’s what is happening to companies that rely on independent contractors but aren’t deliberate enough in how they set up their IC relationships. Looking back at 2024, here’s what I mean, with two specific examples.

Two companies with nationwide operations were forced to convert all independent contractors to employees, at least those working in California.

WorkWhile and Qwick provide gig workers to fill empty shifts. Qwick operates in the hospitality industry, and WorkWhile operates across multiple fields, including manufacturing, hospitality, and general labor.

The companies treat the gig workers as independent contractors. The City of San Francisco sued each company on behalf of the State. The lawsuits alleged that the gig workers were misclassified and should have been treated as employees under California law.

In 2024, both companies settled. Each agreed to pay a seven-figure settlement and to reclassify all gig workers as employees. (Press releases are here and here.)

Before the lawsuits, both companies had operated their businesses this way for years. They didn’t get sued and didn’t have to reclassify the contractors — until they did.

This case is a good reminder of two important rules.

1. Just because you have been doing it this way for years doesn’t mean it’s lawful.

2.The fact that you haven’t been sued means only that you haven’t been sued yet.

Before the lawsuits were filed, the companies had options.

They could have been proactive about changing the facts of the relationships and the contracts. They could have molded the facts the way they wanted without government oversight, in a way that would better insulate them from misclassification claims. This would have been difficult in California, with its strict ABC Test, but not impossible. But it would have taken hard work and a willingness to make changes proactively.

Or they could have converted their contractors to employees, but done it on their own terms, without the government telling them how they have to operate their business.

Now, as part of their settlements, these companies are forced to allow the government to monitor and dictate how they interact with these workers.

Don’t it always seem to go / that you don’t know what you’ve got ‘til it’s gone?

Once the government is monitoring how you do business, you’ve lost the flexibility to adapt and build on your terms. It’s too late. The time to act is before you get audited, investigated, or sued. See Rule #2.

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© 2024 Todd Lebowitz, posted on WhoIsMyEmployee.com, Exploring Issues of Independent Contractor Misclassification and Joint Employment. All rights reserved.

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Get Skinny in 2025: Adopt a Handbook Just for Temps

Everyone has New Year’s Resolutions. Except me. My wife asks me every year, and every year I politely decline. She doesn’t like when I do that.

Some people pledge to lose weight, to get skinnier. This post is about getting skinny with your handbook for 2025—just for temps.

Do you provide your employee handbook to staffing agency temps? Should you?

Generally, I would say no, you should not. The handbook is filled with information about benefits that apply only to your direct employees, not temps. The handbook also probably directs and controls what your workers do, in ways that could make you a joint employer.

Instead, consider rolling out a skinny handbook just for temps.

There are a few polices that should apply to staffing agency temps, and it’s to your benefit to make clear—in writing— that these policies apply. It can be about 6-8 pages. That’s all you need.

Outline for Handbook for Temps

1) Equal Employment Opportunity

  • Anti-Discrimination
  • Anti-Harassment
  • Complaint Procedure
  • No Retaliation

2) Site Safety

  • Drug and alcohol
  • Weapons
  • Workplace Threats and Violence
  • Accidents, Emergencies, Reporting of Injuries
  • Searches, Screening

That’s it. You can include a welcome message too if you’d like. Maybe add a call-off procedure. Check whether references to “employees” should be changed to “workers” or something similar that doesn’t sound like you are conceding joint employer status.

Creating a skinny handbook for temps should take no more than 2-3 hours. If you want to start the year with a quick accomplishment that will add value, this is a good one. And you can even claim it as your New Year’s Resolution.

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© 2024 Todd Lebowitz, posted on WhoIsMyEmployee.com, Exploring Issues of Independent Contractor Misclassification and Joint Employment. All rights reserved.

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Better Than Stealing a Car: Updates to Illinois Temp Worker Law Should Help Businesses Using Temp Labor

A Florida car thief may want to reconsider his career choice.

A Miami Beach man walked back to his Corvette after a Starbucks run, only to find a wannabe thief trapped inside. The thief became trapped inside because the car has electrical locks and no manual door handle. The car requires a key to unlock the doors.

The thief begged the car’s owner for help, but without success. The car’s owner videotaped the ridiculousness and called the police. That’s bad news for the thief.

Business owners in Illinois had much better news recently, when Gov. Pritzker signed amendments to the state’s temporary worker law. The law was last amended in 2023, when it created new burdens for businesses using staffing agency temp labor. (See here and here.)

The main problem business owners had with the 2023 amendment was that staffing agencies were required to pay temps “not less than the rate of pay and equivalent benefits” of comparable employees at the business where they were providing services. The only way staffing agencies could ensure compliance with this requirement was to obtain wage and benefit data from its client. Obviously, businesses did not want to provide that information. (A court decision struck down the “equivalent benefits” requirement.)

Under the 2024 amendment, a staffing agency can now comply with the pay requirements in two ways.

First, it can match the straight-time hourly rate of a comparator employee who works directly for the client, as before.

Second, they can now determine compensation without the need for comparator data from the client business. Under the amendment, the staffing agency can instead comply with the pay requirements by paying its workers based on Bureau of Labor Statistics data.

The pay requirements do not apply until a temp worker has worked 720 hours at the client business within a 12-month period.

The change to the law means that businesses retaining staffing agencies in Illinois will no longer be required to provide wage and benefits information about its comparator employees. The client, not the staffing agency, gets to choose whether to provide the data and, if the client chooses not to provide it (which I expect will most often be the case), the agency must use the BLS formula.

There are other changes to the law too, including amended benefit requirements, notice requirements, and the right of temp workers to decline to cross a picket line.

Staffing work might not pay great, but laws like the Illinois temp worker law seek to ensure a minimum level of pay for temp workers. The Miami Beach car thief may want to look into steady work like that instead, if he ever gets out of the Corvette.

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© 2024 Todd Lebowitz, posted on WhoIsMyEmployee.com, Exploring Issues of Independent Contractor Misclassification and Joint Employment. All rights reserved.

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Filled Up With Rules? Temp Worker Laws Are Still Being Challenged

Teacher, don’t you fill me up with your rules (fn1)

Brownsville Station was a rock band formed in Ann Arbor in 1969. (Go Blue!) Their biggest hit, Smokin’ in the Boys Room, reached #3 on the Billboard charts and was later covered by Motley Crue. The song was Motley Crue’s first Top 40 hit. Apparently LeeAnn Rimes covered the song too in an album called Nashville Outlaws: A Tribute to Motley Crue, which is I guess was her tribute to a tribute to Brownsville Station.

Business groups in New Jersey and Illinois have also been pleading don’t you fill me up with your rules – in particular, rules related to the use of temp workers.

As discussed here and here, these two states passed temporarily worker laws that required temps to be paid wages and benefits equivalent to the regular workers they are supplementing.

Those rules are both in effect, but there are still several moving parts you should know about.

In Illinois, a judge struck down the portion of the law that required payment of equivalent benefits, ruling that this portion of the law was preempted by ERISA. Illinois lawmakers are now considering options to amend the law to require the payment of the value of benefits, if not the benefits themselves.

In New Jersey, the law took effect, but there’s an active lawsuit in which staffing and other business groups have challenged the law. The case is pending. New Jersey Staffing Alliance et al. v. Fais et al., No. 1:23-cv-02494, D. N.J.

For now, these two temporary work laws remain in effect, except for the benefits aspect of the Illinois law. But the situation remains fluid. It also would not be surprising if other states enacted similar laws. Companies using temp labor should continue to monitor these developments.

fn1 – Everybody knows that smokin’ ain’t allowed in school.

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© 2024 Todd Lebowitz, posted on WhoIsMyEmployee.com, Exploring Issues of Independent Contractor Misclassification and Joint Employment. All rights reserved.

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Drink Up With This Tip to Save money in Your Staffing Agency Relationships

Five fisherman from Sri Lanka died last month after drinking the unknown liquid they found in bottles floating about 300 miles offshore. The fisherman reportedly believed the bottles contained foreign liquor.

Ceylon Today reports that efforts are underway to inform nearby fishing trawlers about the dangers of drinking from floating bottles. It’s a good thing the authorities are doing that because, otherwise, the most common sense thing to do when finding unidentified liquids is to drink them.

Better planning would have saved their lives. You can also plan better when negotiating your staffing agency agreements. Here’s a clause you can include that won’t save lives but will save money.

Overtime Multiplier Caps

When a non-exempt temp works more than 40 hours in a week, the worker must receive overtime pay of 1.5x. But that doesn’t mean you need to pay the same markup rate to the agency for that extra .5x premium.

Here’s what you can do instead.

Suppose you pay a 40% markup on the hourly rate the agency pays to its workers. For a worker receiving $10/hour, you pay the agency $14, The agency gets $4 in revenue for one hour of work provided.

But suppose the same worker works 50 hours in a week. The extra ten hours are paid to the worker at $15/hour, which means the agency gets $6 in revenue for those hours. Here’s the math: 15 x 1.4 = $21, less the $15 that goes back to the worker = $6.

Why should the agency get $6 instead of $4 for the same hour worked? It’s a windfall. You can cap that with an Overtime Multiplier Clause.

The clause would say, essentially, that for straight time, the agency gets a 40% premium. For overtime hours, the markup is the same 40% on the straight time (the 1.0x), then the overtime premium (the extra 0.5x) is reimbursed with no markup on the premiums portion of the pay (the 0.5x).

The worker gets $15, but you pay the agency $19 for that hour, not $21.

In future posts, I’ll address other money-saving clauses you can add to your staffing agency agreements.

In the meantime, remember not to drink from any bottles you may find floating at sea.

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© 2024 Todd Lebowitz, posted on WhoIsMyEmployee.com, Exploring Issues of Independent Contractor Misclassification and Joint Employment. All rights reserved.

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The Rats are High?! Illinois Judge Partially Strikes Down Temp Staffing Law, Granting Win to Staffing Firms and Their Clients

According to this NBC News story, the New Orleans police department headquarters is in such bad condition that not only are there rats everywhere, but the rats are eating the marijuana from the police evidence lockers.

“They’re all high,” the police superintendent testified in a recent hearing. (Skip to 1:45 of the video. Showing great respect, she calls them “major rodents.”)

Staffing firms and businesses in Illinois were saying “Rats!” when Illinois amended its temp staffing law in late 2023, but now they might be feeling a bit of a high.

The 2023 amendment required staffing firms in Illinois to pay their temps wages and provide benefits that were equivalent to those received by similarly situated workers of the client business where they were placed. The law caused a decline in temp staffing use in Illinois, as businesses understandably didn’t want to disclose their wage and benefit structure to staffing firms.

Last week a federal judge provided some relief, entering an injunction that prevents part of the law from taking effect.

A group of staffing agencies had filed the federal lawsuit, arguing that the state law requirement to pay equivalent benefits was unlawful and preempted by ERISA. The judge agreed, finding that ERISA is intended to promote a consistent national approach to employee benefits and that Illinois could not use state law to impose benefit requirements on staffing agencies.

Section 42 of the amended state law is titled “Equal pay for equal work,” and it requires agencies to pay temporary employees who work at a particular site for more than ninety days within a year at least the same wages and “equivalent benefits” as the lowest paid, comparable, directly-hired employee employed by the third-party client. 820 ILCS 175/42. Or, instead of providing equivalent benefits, agencies could pay “the hourly cash equivalent of the actual cost benefits.”

The law also required the staffing agencies’ clients to provide the agencies with “all necessary information related to job duties, pay, and benefits of directly hired employees” to allow agencies to comply.

Illinois businesses using staffing agencies will still be required to disclose pay information, and the requirement that staffing workers receive equivalent pay remains in effect. But the benefits portion of the law will not be enforced.

Action Item: Staffing agency agreements in Illinois may need to be updated to account for the removal of this requirement. Clients of staffing agencies should not longer be required to disclose employee benefit information.

Now about those rats. They’re eating the marijuana in evidence lockers?! I wish they had rat-cam video of that.

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© 2024 Todd Lebowitz, posted on WhoIsMyEmployee.com, Exploring Issues of Independent Contractor Misclassification and Joint Employment. All rights reserved.

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No Unions? No Escape: NLRB’s Joint Employer Rule Imposes New Risks on Businesses Without Unions

TikTok star Matthew Lani earned a substantial following as a 27-year old medical prodigy, having graduated high school at age 16 before becoming a doctor. He posted videos of himself walking through a South African hospital, dishing out medical advice to his followers or selling them medication.

Lani, however, turns out not to be a doctor at all. When the ruse was uncovered and authorities went to arrest him, he said he had to pee and then tried to escape through a bathroom window. TikTok later banned his account.

The NLRB’s new joint employer rule has many employers trying to figure out whether they need a doctor or whether they can avoid the rule’s reach by escaping through a bathroom window.

Today we’ll answer questions about how the new joint employer rule affects non-union businesses.

We have no unions. Does the rule apply to me?

Yes, 100% yes. In fact, companies without unions may be most at risk here. If your business has vendors, suppliers, business partners, or even customers with employees, pay attention.

The point of the rule is that if your business exerts any control over any of the listed seven terms or conditions of employment, you’re a joint employer. In fact, the rule makes you a joint employer even if you merely have the right to exert control over one of these seven terms, even if you never do.

The listed terms and conditions are broader than the usual suspects, and they include control over health and safety matters.

If the other company’s workers are ever in your building while doing their jobs, you might be exercising control over their terms and conditions of employment without realizing it. Read more here.

What if the vendor’s employees don’t have a union?

Still yes. The rule may still directly affect your business’s rights and legal obligations.

What happens if I have no unions but am deemed a joint employer of someone else’s employees?

If you are a joint employer under the new rule, here’s what that means:

(1) If the other company’s employees form a union, your business would be required to participate in the collective bargaining process.

You’d be required to bargain regarding any term or condition that you have the authority to control. That could include your site-wide health and safety rules.

(2) If the other company’s employees have complaints about terms or conditions that your business can control, you cannot retaliate against them for raising these concerns.

Under federal labor law, all employees — including those not in unions — have the right to engage in protected concerted activity without being retaliated against.

Protected concerted activity can mean just about anything that involves more than one employee, including actions by one employee that are intended to seek support from other employees. Like an Instagram post or a Glassdoor review. Ending their assignment or asking the vendor to remove them from the project could be considered unlawful retaliation.

But these are not my employees? Why would I have to do these things?

Because joint employment.

The concept of joint employment is that more than one person can be the employer. If your business is deemed a joint employer of another company’s employees, then under the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA), you’re also their employer.

What about wage and hour law, unemployment compensation, and workers comp? Would I be a joint employer under those laws too?

No. The new NLRB joint employer rule applies only to the NLRA. Other laws have other tests for determining who is a joint employer.

You can be a joint employer under the NLRA and not a joint employer under other laws. But a finding of joint employment under one law could make it more likely that your business is deemed a joint employer under other laws — particularly if you comply with the new NLRB rule by, let’s say, participating in collective bargaining.

Do I need a real doctor, or will a TikTok doctor be good enough?

All businesses should pay attention to the new NLRB joint employer rule, even if you don’t have unions.

Proactively evaluate your risk of joint employment under the new rule. The whole point of the law is that you may be an employer of other workers without realizing it.

And you can’t escape the reach of the rule by climbing through a bathroom window.

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© 2023 Todd Lebowitz, posted on WhoIsMyEmployee.com, Exploring Issues of Independent Contractor Misclassification and Joint Employment. All rights reserved.

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It’s Not Lemon Juice: Here’s the One Key Ingredient Missing from Your Staffing Agency Agreements

In 1995, a man robbed two Pittsburgh banks during the day. He wore no disguise and was easily identified by surveillance cameras and arrested. This surprised the man.

The man was surprised because he had covered himself in lemon juice, and he believed that lemon juice made him invisible to video cameras. Obviously, it doesn’t and it didn’t. Lemon juice does not prevent a person from being seen.

Now let’s talk about staffing agency temps and being seen. If your temps are integrated into your workforce, there is a high likelihood you are a joint employer.

If your staffing agency temp improperly pays your temp, and the temp files a wage and hour claim, you can’t just drench yourself in lemon juice and hope not to be seen. Chances are, you’ll be sued too.

If you are a joint employer, you are likely liable for wage and hour violations by the staffing agency, even though you had no control over the staffing agency‘s pay practices. For liability purposes, their mistake is your mistake.

One of the best ways to avoid getting drawn into a class action filed by an agency temp is to require, in your staffing agency agreements, that all temps sign an individual arbitration agreement. All temps should be required, as a condition of being placed at your company, to agree that any claims they have against your company will be resolved in arbitration, on an individual basis, not through a class action.

How do you do this? In three parts.

First, insert in your staffing agency agreement a clause requiring that all temps placed at your facility must first signed an arbitration agreement, a copy of which will be attached to the staffing agency agreement.

Second, draft the individual arbitration agreement exactly the way you want it, and attach it to the staffing agency agreement as an exhibit. Include a class waiver. Consider allowing small claims to be carved out and resolved in small claims court. Consider omitting AAA or JAMS as a designated arbitration administrator, to reduce the risk of mass arbitration filings. You can require arbitration without designating any agency to administer it. The agencies charge high fees, which creates the leverage that makes mass arbitration an effective tool of the plaintiffs’ bar. No arbitration agency = no administrative fees = probably no mass arbitration.

Third, require the agency to maintain copies of these agreements. You want the ability to audit compliance. You can also require the agency to show you a copy of each signed agreement before each temp begins an assignment.

It is frustrating to think that your business could be jointly liable for wage and hour violations by a staffing agency when you have no control over how they pay their employees. But with joint employment, that risk is a reality. You need to prepare for that possibility well in advance.

The staffing agency agreement provides you an ideal opportunity to plan ahead and protect yourself against this possibility.

Lemon juice might be a nice addition to iced tea, but it does not provide any protection against security cameras or class action lawsuits. You’ll need arbitration agreements for that.

Click here for more tips about what should be in your staffing agency agreements.

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© 2023 Todd Lebowitz, posted on WhoIsMyEmployee.com, Exploring Issues of Independent Contractor Misclassification and Joint Employment. All rights reserved.

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Snake & a Hawk: Illinois Passes Temp Worker Law, Imposes New Burdens on Companies

Not a hawk, but I like this picture I took in Utah a couple years ago

A woman in Texas was mowing her lawn last month when she was suddenly attacked by a snake and a hawk — at the same time. The hawk had been carrying the snake but dropped it. It landed on poor Peggy Jones. The snake wrapped itself around her arm. Still hungry, the hawk dove at Peggy to retrieve its tasty treat, clawing at her and the snake, and ripping up her arm in the process. Eventually the hawk won and flew off with the snake. Peggy had severe cuts and bruises, and her husband had to finish mowing the lawn.

We’ve got another double attack to report, this one in the world of temporary staffing.

Last week we wrote about New Jersey’s new temporary staffing law, which imposes new burdens on companies using temp staffing. Not wanting to be left out of the fun, Illinois has followed suit with a similar law.

The Illinois law imposes several new burdens on companies using temp staffing workers.

I’ve listed those obligations here, on the BakerHostetler Employment Law Spotlight blog. I list eight things that companies in Illinois will need to know.

I haven’t yet decided which law is the hawk and which is the snake. But both will inflict some pain.

Meanwhile, enjoy this song called Snake Hawk, by The Budos Band.

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© 2023 Todd Lebowitz, posted on WhoIsMyEmployee.com, Exploring Issues of Independent Contractor Misclassification and Joint Employment. All rights reserved.

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Unintended Consequences: NJ Temporary Worker Law May Cause Companies to Stop Using Temporary Workers

Postcard available for purchase!

Today we offer some fun facts about New Jersey. Raise your hand if you knew these things, but only if you are working from home because otherwise it would be weird:

  • The Lambert Castle Museum in Paterson has a spoon exhibit with over 5,400 spoons from every state and almost every country in the world.
  • The Passaic River in Paterson was the site of the first submarine ride in 1878 by its inventor John P. Holland.
  • New Jersey’s capital city, Trenton, was once the capital of the United States – but only for about eight weeks in 1784.

A less fun fact about New Jersey is that this past weekend, the NJ Temporary Workers’ Bill of Rights went into effect. It is a well-intentioned law that will have loads of unintended consequences. Rather than helping temp workers, the law’s requirements seem more likely to cause companies to stop using temp workers entirely.

The law’s requirements have been discussed elsewhere, and you can check out the BakerHostetler blog, The Bargaining Table, for a more complete discussion. But I want to focus on one aspect of the law that I think is particularly dumb and poorly drafted.

Section 7(b) requires that temp workers “shall not be paid less than the average rate of pay and average cost of benefits, or the cash equivalent thereof, of employees of the third party client performing the same or substantially similar work on jobs the performance of which requires equal skill, effort, and responsibility, and which are performed under similar working conditions for the third party client at the time the temporary laborer is assigned to work at the third party client. Each violation of this subsection for each affected temporary laborer shall constitute a separate violation….”

Take a minute to digest that. It requires that temps are paid at least as much as similarly situated regular employees, but not just in wages. You also have to add in the cost of benefits. The cash value of benefits is often around a third of total compensation.

Suppose you have full time maintenance employees who average $20/hour plus benefits. If the cash value of benefits are one-third of the worker’s compensation package, then the temp worker “shall not be paid less than” $26.67/hour. And that’s before the staffing agency takes its markup of, maybe, 35%. You’d have to pay $36/hour for a temp maintenance worker, and the temp worker’s take home pay will be 33% higher (because of the cash value of benefits) than your comparable maintenance employee.

What if the temp agency provides benefits? Unclear. Poorly drafted. The law sets the temp worker’s minimum wage based on the cash value of the benefits the similarly situated employees receive. Maybe if the temp worker gets benefits, then the temp’s hourly wage floor would be $20, not $26.67, but that’s not clear.

Not only does the law greatly increase the cost of using temp labor, it also requires the company using the staffing agency’s services to disclose to the staffing agency the average wages and cost of benefits it provides to its similarly situated employees. If your company didn’t disclose this information, the staffing agency wouldn’t be able to comply with the pay floor requirement.

A failure to comply results in joint liability. So now you need to make sure the staffing agency pays its temps a particular wage, calculated based on the wages your company pays its employees. In your staffing agency agreement, you’ll need to require the agency to pay a particular wage to ensure compliance.

Here’s where things get tricky. An indemnity provision might not be sufficient to shift liability because the law says both parties are liable. So you need a breach of contract claim to rely on instead.

To build a potential breach of contract claim, the company will want to contractually require the agency to pay the workers a wage that is not less than the average cost of the company’s wages and cost of benefits. But directing and controlling wages is a strong indicator of joint employment under other laws. The act of complying with the NJ law could turn companies into joint employers. The wording in any staffing agreement, therefore, needs to thread the needle.

The text in a staffing agency agreement (or amendment) will need to be carefully drafted so that the company is requiring only that the agency comply with NJ law with respect to wages and benefits and is not directing or controlling the wages and benefits that the agency pays its temps.

Something like this might work: “If required under N.J.S.A. [insert citation], but only to the extent required by such statute, Agency shall pay the temporary workers at a rate not less than the average rate of pay and average cost of benefits, or the cash equivalent thereof, of employees of the company performing the same or substantially similar work on jobs the performance of which requires equal skill, effort, and responsibility, and which are performed under similar working conditions for the company at the time the temporary laborer is assigned to work at the company.”

I don’t like telling the agency what it must pay its workers, but you’ll want a breach of contract claim available to you if the agency fails to comply and your company is jointly liable under the NJ law. An amendment to your staffing agency agreement is appropriate, but it needs to be carefully drafted.

And here’s another possible unintended consequence. How will your maintenance employees like being paid less than the maintenance temps? Maybe we need a union in here to get us a fair wage! I could see things going in that direction. If a temp can take home $26.67/hour, we want $26.67/hour too, not $20!

The NJ law does not apply to all temps. It applies to temps in these “occupational categories as designated by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the United States Department of Labor:

  • 33-90000 Other Protective Service Workers;
  • 35-0000 Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations;
  • 37-35 0000 Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations;
  • 39-0000 Personal Care and Service Occupations;
  • 47-37 2060 Construction Laborers;
  • 47-30000 Helpers, Construction Trades;
  • 49-0000 Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations;
  • 51-0000 Production Occupations;
  • 53-0000 Transportation and Material Moving Occupations; or
  • any successor categories as the Bureau of Labor Statistics may designate.”

If all of this makes you want to take a long walk and get away, then fun fact: New Jersey has more than 4,000 miles of trails!

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© 2023 Todd Lebowitz, posted on WhoIsMyEmployee.com, Exploring Issues of Independent Contractor Misclassification and Joint Employment. All rights reserved.

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