A South Korean man was sentenced to one year in prison for binge eating and getting too fat.

It isn’t always illegal to get fat in South Korea, but it is if you do it to dodge mandatory military service, which is what this guy did. His friend, who created the weight-gain plan, was sentenced to six months for aiding and abetting. Yes, really. And his defense was that he didn’t think his friend would go through with it.

One criminal eater, but two men end up in the pokey. Getting in trouble for what someone else does sounds exactly like joint employment.

One issue that often arises in litigation is whether arbitration agreements apply to all defendants in a joint employment dispute. If a plaintiff has an arbitration agreement with his main employer but sues two companies as joint employers, can the second company rely on the first company’s arbitration agreement to get the whole case moved to arbitration?

Sometimes yes, but courts are split. It’s going to depend on the relationship between the parties and how the arbitration agreement is drafted. Let’s quickly address each of those points.

1) Courts are split.

In a recent California case, a grocery store employee sued his employer and a related entity for wage and hour claims. He argued that both were joint employers. He had an arbitration agreement only with the primary employer.

The California Court of Appeal (2d district) ruled that the arbitration agreement required the claims against both parties to go to arbitration. The plaintiff was not allowed to allege that the parties were so interrelated as to be joint employers, but too distinct for both to be covered by the arbitration agreement. The outcome may have been swayed by the close corporate relationship between the defendants. The outcome could be different if the alleged joint employers were unrelated, such as in a staffing agency relationship.

A few years earlier, however, the California Court of Appeal (1st district) reached the opposite conclusion, finding that a non-signatory to an arbitration agreement could not enforce it.

2) It depends on how the agreement is drafted.

The best way to avoid this problem is to draft arbitration agreements to take the joint employment risk into account. Be thoughtful when defining the scope of covered claims and covered entities.

The agreement should apply to claims against the primary employer and related entities, as well as managers, supervisors, etc. Also consider adding third-party beneficiaries.

If employees will be providing services to another entity, such as in a staffing agency relationship, make sure those services are covered.

If your company is receiving the services and another company is the primary employer, check to see whether there’s an arbitration agreement in place, and review its scope.

If I am representing the company receiving the services, I like to require that as a condition of being allowed access to the property (or receiving confidential information, or whatever else), each individual must sign an arbitration agreement that covers claims against the company receiving the services. These can be short, one-page arbitration agreements. If drafted correctly, they do not suggest that there is any employment relationship.

Takeaways

• Individual arbitration agreements with class waivers are a great way to avoid class action exposure and keep disputes out of public courts — but only if their scope is broad enough to cover the claims and parties.
• If you are the company receiving services, ask the primary employer whether there are individual arbitration agreements in place and ask to see them.
• Require anyone providing services, even if not your employee, to sign a contract agreeing to arbitrate claims, and make it a condition of being allowed to work on the property.
• And most important of all, never help a skinny Korean get fat to avoid military service.

© 2024 Todd Lebowitz, posted on WhoIsMyEmployee.com, Exploring Issues of Independent Contractor Misclassification and Joint Employment. All rights reserved.